mandul :O

How Is Infertility Diagnosed?

few days back. aku asik tny mak & ayah,
mcm mana nak tahu sumone tu mandul :O
haha. so, diorg pun tercari cari dok tny mak bidan, bomoh semua
pun tak ada idea, so. wiki je lah kan. HAHA
bet, korg pun tak pernah fikir.
haha. this is what happens when ur child
ada lots of Qs yet u can't answer.
haihh. kene bwk radio signal kemana2 nak wiki. HAHA

If a woman has an infertility problem, she will be referred to a doctor who specializes in reproductive endocrinology. Her diagnostic tests may include:

1) Blood tests and urine tests to check hormone levels.

2) A Pap smear to study the health of the cervix.

3) Urine tests to evaluate LH surges.

4) A basal body temperature test, which checks whether the woman is releasing eggs from her ovaries. A woman's temperature rises slightly during the days she ovulates. The woman will chart her basal body temperature every day for a few months on a graph. She will take her temperature orally or may take her temperature vaginally with a special ultra-sensitive thermometer available at most drugstores.

5) An endometrial biopsy, in which the doctor removes a piece of tissue in the uterine lining. Examining this tissue will tell the physician whether eggs have been released and whether the corpeus luteum is producing enough progesterone.This test is often done if the results from the woman's basal body temperature chart are unclear.

6) An ultrasound to look for fibroids and cysts in the uterus and ovaries. This test uses sound waves to picture the uterus and ovaries, causes little discomfort, and is very effective.

7) A postcoital test, in which the doctor takes a sample of mucous from the woman's vagina. She must have the test during her fertile days and within 12 hours after she and her partner have sex. The test will tell the doctor if the man's sperm can survive in the woman's cervical mucous.

MAN:

The man may be asked to undergo this test twice, because some illnesses such as infections or viruses can affect the sperm. If a man has abnormal sperm, he'll be referred to a fertility specialist, where he'll experience more tests, such as:

1) Hormonal blood tests.

2) Imaging tests that check for swollen veins or reproductive system blockages.

3) A testicular biopsy. This is a procedure done in the office. The doctor takes bits of tissue from the testes, and this tissue is examined to see whether the cells that produce the sperm are working properly.

4) Anti-sperm antibody tests, which check whether the woman's mucous rejects the man's sperm. These tests also show whether the man produces antibodies to reject his own sperm.

5) A hamster egg test, which studies the sperm's ability to penetrate a hamster egg. The outer covering of the egg is removed to allow the sperm to more easily penetrate. This test cannot result in a living embryo. It's expensive, however, and sometimes unreliable.

6) A human zona penetration test, which tests whether the man's sperm can fertilize dead human eggs. Again, this test cannot result in a living embryo, and is thought to be more reliable than the hamster egg test.

7) A bovine cervical mucous test, which checks whether the sperm can penetrate cervical mucous taken from a cow.

Health workers will check the man's semen for several factors:

• sperm count (20 to 100 million sperm is the normal number)
• movement
• maturity and shape of the sperm (which reveal its quality)
• the amount of sperm produced (one teaspoon is sufficient)
• acidity (the semen should be slightly acidic)

haa, dah. few tests will be conducted.
tak ada hal lah.
susah sgt nak tggu jawapan mak bidan
belakang kampung. HAHA.
this is not a joke. it's serious life matter man.
it's something valuable to understand.
:DD